DOG-1 is a calcium-activated chloride channel protein (a.k.a. anoctamin-1 or TMEM16a), and has been found to be ubiquitously expressed in GI stromal tumors irrespective of KIT or PDGFRA mutation status.  This antibody appears to stain a significant subset of CD117 (c-kit) negative cases (36-46%).  Approximately 50% of DOG-1 negative GISTs will express CD117.  In the setting of a GIST differential diagnosis, DOG-1 appears to have specificity comparable to CD117.  There appears to be expression on a small subset of synovial sarcomas.  Normal staining by DOG-1 can be found in interstitial cells of Cajal.  Membraneous and apical staining / reactivity may be seen with DOG-1 in non-GIST tumors / cells.

 

In addition to normal expression in interstitial cells of Cajal in the GI tract, luminal expression can be seen in the gastric mucosa, pancreatic centroacinar cells, intrahepatic bile duct epithelium, bladder, and gallbladder epithelium.  Acinic cells in the salivary gland express DOG-1 (cytoplasmic), and may be helpful in confirming the diagnosis of an acinic cell carcinoma.

 

Clone:  K9 (no joke)

Titer: 1:400

Hadi Yaziji, AIMM Annual Meeting, “New Antibodies in Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry”, presentation, 2010.

 

West RB, et al. American Journal of Pathology.  Vol. 165, No. 1, July, 2004.

 

Chan, J. K. C. (2013). Newly Available Antibodies With Practical Applications in Surgical Pathology. International Journal of Surgical Pathology, 21(6), 553–572. doi:10.1177/1066896913507601 

 

Liegl-Atzwanger, B., Fletcher, J. A., & Fletcher, C. D. M. (2010). Gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology. doi:10.1007/s00428-010-0891-y

 

Patil, D. T., & Rubin, B. P. (2011). Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: advances in diagnosis and management. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, 135(10), 1298–1310. doi:10.5858/arpa.2011-0022-RA

 

Chan JKC. Newly Available Antibodies With Practical Applications in Surgical Pathology. International Journal of Surgical Pathology. 2013;21: 553–572. doi:10.1177/1066896913507601