PathMD Quizes, Neuropathology Neuropathology – 02 October 29, 2017 peferguson Author: Murat Gokden, M.D. Make sure to subscribe to PathMD to stay up to date with new content and features!! 1. Duret hemorrhages:are seen in midbrain and ponsare secondary to middle meningeal artery tearsoccur in association with subfalcine herniationaccompany cerebellar mass lesions are the most common cause of aqueductal stenosis 2. Which of the following is correct regarding hypertensive central nervous system hemorrhage?Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms are thought to be the site of hemorrhage periventricular white matter is the preferred site for hemorrhageit is the second most common cause of subdural hemorrhage it comprises approximately 1/3 of all intraparenchymal brain hemorrhagesmany cases are associated with congophilic angiopathy 3. Which of the following is true regarding the lesion shown in the picture? Neuropathology Set 2 Neuropathology Set 2It is usually seen in the temporal lobe 1p/19q losses indicate worse prognosis GFAP has a peculiar perinuclear positivityCerebrospinal fluid dissemination is common Spinal cord is the most common location in children 4. Which of the following is true regarding the lesion in this picture? Neuropathology Set 2It is typically located in the brainstem It usually presents as a highly infiltrative tumor, but paradoxically has a good prognosis It is a highly malignant brain tumor with frequent dissemination to cerbrospinal axis It may be associated with renal cell carcinoma Its immunophenotype is essentially identical to renal cell carcinoma in many cases 5. Which of the following is true regarding neursyphilis?Tabes dorsalis is the type that leads to dementia Meningovascular form is associated with obliterative endarteritis of the meninges Neurosyphilis occurs in approximately half of untreated and 10% of treated patients Paretic neurosyphilis is aseptic and is an immune reaction to bacterial components It occurs in the secondary stage of the disease 6. Which of the following is true regarding the disease process shown in the picture? Neuropathology Set 2This disease most commonly involves ageing neurons with lipofucsin pigment This disease can easily be suspected in neonates by gross examinationStructures with similar name, but with different microscopic appearance can be seen in cortical neurons and are easily demonstrated by synuclein immunohistochemistry Increase in serotonin levels is the major abnormality This picture is most likely from caudate nucleus 7. Which of the following is true regarding the lesion shown in the picture? Neuropathology Set 2It is associated with an abnormality in 22q It has a higher rate of progression to malignancy compared to general population It is associated with one of the rarest form of genetic disorders Bilateral schwannomas are also present in volving the 8th. nerve It is associated with an autosomal-recessive disorder 8. Which of the following is true regarding the disease shown in the picture? Neuropathology Set 2E. coli is the most common cause in the elderly cerebrospinal fluid shows increased lymphocytes and normal glucose levelit may result in hydrocephalusS. pneumoniae is the most common cause in adolescents it represents diffuse involvement of meninges by malignancy 9. Which of the following is true regarding pituitary adenomas?Reticulin stain is a very useful technique for the differential diagnosis of normal pituitary gland vs. hyperplasia vs. adenoma Nelson syndrome is associated with gonadotroph adenomas Growth hormone adenoma is the most common type Invasive adenomas have high probability of distant metastasesPituitary apoplexy is a postpartum neurosurgical emergency 10. A 29 year old man was found dead in the street. Autopsy showed hemorrhage under occipital scalp, and contusions of both occipital poles. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?Slipped and fell on his back, hitting his head to concrete pavement He was attacked and was hit on the back of his head by a baseball bat He was previously strangled to death and later the body was dumped in a remote street, at which time his head his the concrete pavement Intracranial hemorrhage secondary to hypertensionMetastatic lung cancer secondary to heavy smoking 11. Which of the following pairs is correct?Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis- trinucleotide repeatsAdrenoleukodystrophy- long chain fatty acids Metachromatic leukodystrophy- arylsulfatase A Vitamin B1 deficiency- subacute combined degenration of the spinal cord Kerns- Sayre syndrome- mitochondrial tRNA 12. Which of the following is correct regarding the lesion shown in this picture? Neuropathology Set 2bleeding is typically associated with incipient leakage The most common location is posterior cerebral artery branches It is the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhageit is usually located at the bending points of arteries It is the second most common type of intracranial aneurysm 13. Which of the following lesions may be found together with the lesion shown in the picture? (SEGCA) Neuropathology Set 2 Neuropathology Set 2Subungual angioma Cardiac rhabdomyoma Pericardial cyst Renal cell carcinoma Glioblastoma 14. Which of the following is correct regarding HIV and central nervous system?diagnostic feature is intense lymphocytic infiltrates in the brain parenchyma and in the leptomeningesspinal cord involvement presents as transverse myelitis due to opportunistic Herpes virus infectionCJD caused by opportunistic JC virus infection is a rare but serious complication opportunistic infections are more commonly seen in the pediatric patient population approximately 60% of AIDS patients develop neurologic dysfuntion in the course of their disease 15. While walking home after a party where he consumed five cans of beer, a previously healthy 28 year-old man fell and hit his head on the curb. He got up and went home. Later that night, he became unconscious and was brought to the emergency room by his roommate. Physical exam showed swelling of left temporalparietal area. What is the most likely explanation to his condition?Previously asymptomatic bacterial meningitis Rupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysmLeft cerebral artery rupture Right meningeal artery rupture Left meningeal artery rupture Loading...