PathMD Quizes, Neuropathology Neuropathology – 03 October 29, 2017 peferguson Author: Murat Gokden, M.D. Make sure to subscribe to PathMD to stay up to date with new content and features!! 1. The molecular defect in Duchenne muscular dystrophy resides in ________.a key calcium-transport moleculea large, plasma membrane-associated proteina mitochondrial electron transport chain proteina metabolic enzyme involved in glycolysiscontractile protein interactions 2. Wallerian degeneration ________.is seen in oligodendrogliais the destruction of myelin sheathsinvolves distal axonal degenerationis a paraneoplastic syndrome 3. A 29-year-old man was found dead in the street. Autopsy showed hemorrhage under the occipital scalp, and contusions of both occipital poles. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?Slipped and fell on his back, hitting his head to concrete pavementHe was previously strangled to death and later the body was dumped in a remote street, at which time his head his the concrete pavementMetastatic lung cancer secondary to heavy smokingHe was hit on the back of his head by a baseball batIntracranial hemorrhage secondary to hypertension 4. Which of the following is true regarding the pathological process seen in this picture? Neuropathology Set 3The majority of patients also have dementiaA specific muscle pathology is the cause of the movement disorderPathological hallmark is the presence of numerous intranuclear inclusionsIntracytoplasmic alpha-synuclein-positive neuronal inclusions are diagnosticIt is a movement disorder characterized by ataxia 5. Perivenous encephalomyelitis is thought to result from _________.exposure to canine distemper virusinappropriate astrocytic expression of major histocompatibility antigensan autoimmune attack on central nervous system myelina systemic vasculopathya neurotoxin elaborated by an anaerobic bacillus 6. While walking home after a party where he consumed five cans of beer, a 28-year-old man fell and hit his head on the curb. He got up and went home. An hour later, he became unconscious and was brought to the emergency room by his roommate. Initial physical exam showed a severe contusion of the left temporal area. The most likely explanation for his condition is rupture of the ________.left middle cerebral artery anterior communicating artery aneurysmposterior cerebral arterybridging dural veinsleft middle meningeal artery 7. A 65-year-old woman presents to the hospital with progressive neurological deficits. Several months earlier she had received treatment for a brain tumor. A new brain biopsy shows no tumor, but does show necrosis of cerebral vasculature and of brain tissue. The most likely cause of these findings is previous therapy with:vincristineradiationmercuryisoniaziddehydration 8. A 26-year-old man presents to clinic with weakness in his right arm. Two years previously he had an episode of difficulty speaking that improved considerably after several days. One year before that he had an episode of decreased vision in his left eye that did not resolve. He has no other known medical illnesses or conditions. The most likely cause of these episodes is:episodes of brain myelin destruction by macrophagesan inborn metabolic error of sphingolipid metabolism chronic arsenic poisoningviral infection of oligodendrocytesaccumulation of amyloid deposits in the brain 9. Examine of a brain from a newborn child showed failure of cerebral hemispheres to separate. The abnormality results from a failure of:aquaductal patencyorganogenesis neuroblast migrationneural tube formationmyelination 10. A 62-year-old woman had an acute myocardial infarction. Right after arriving at the emergency room, she had cardiac arrest. Resuscitation efforts for 15 minutes were successful and she was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). However, she developed a fatal arrhythmia and died on her third day in ICU. Autopsy was performed. Examination of brain tissue shows neurons with hypoxic/ischemic changes. Which of the following best describes the expected morphology?normal cortical gray mattereosinophilic neuronal necrosisreactive astrocytesviral inclusionsnormal white matter Loading...
